關于(yu)犧(xi)牲(sheng)陽極(ji)種類的(de)選擇

我們該如(ru)何確定犧(xi)(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)呢？焦作弘坤防腐公司(si)通常根(gen)據環境介(jie)質(zhi)（土壤或水）的(de)(de)電(dian)阻(zu)率選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)犧(xi)(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)。根(gen)據保(bao)護電(dian)流/或介(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)阻(zu)率選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)犧(xi)(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)的(de)(de)規格。關(guan)于犧(xi)(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)在土壤和水中的(de)(de)不同之處，表1為土壤和水中按介(jie)質(zhi)電(dian)阻(zu)率選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)犧(xi)(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)原則。

（1）在土壤潮(chao)濕的情(qing)況(kuang)下，鋅陽極范圍可(ke)擴大(da)到30Ω·m。

（2）表(biao)中電位均相對于飽和的Cu/CuSo4參比(bi)電極。

　　在土(tu)壤中(zhong)，哪(na)種犧(xi)(xi)牲陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是常用(yong)的(de)(de)？關于犧(xi)(xi)牲陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)種類，鎂合(he)(he)金(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是常用(yong)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。不(bu)同的(de)(de)犧(xi)(xi)牲陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)適用(yong)的(de)(de)領域有什么(me)不(bu)同之處呢？鋅合(he)(he)金(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)適用(yong)于土(tu)壤電(dian)阻(zu)率較低且(qie)比較潮濕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)土(tu)壤環(huan)境。鋁陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在潮濕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)能更好(hao)的(de)(de)適用(yong)嗎？鋁合(he)(he)金(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一般不(bu)能用(yong)于土(tu)壤環(huan)境，但在極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)低電(dian)阻(zu)率、潮濕(shi)(shi)和含(han)氯(lv)化物的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)仍可推薦使用(yong)，如(ru)鋁-鋅=銦(yin)系合(he)(he)金(jin)的(de)(de)Galvalum Ⅲ陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
　　隨著(zhu)鋁(lv)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)應用(yong)(yong)的越來(lai)越多，鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)犧(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)有哪(na)些優勢(shi)呢？在(zai)海(hai)水中，三(san)類犧(xi)(xi)牲(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)都獲得了較廣(guang)泛的應用(yong)(yong)。鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)室海(hai)水中十(shi)分常用(yong)(yong)的陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)20世紀(ji)80年代(dai)以(yi)后(hou)鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)應用(yong)(yong)越來(lai)越多，其(qi)中應用(yong)(yong)較為成熟得失Galvalum Ⅲ型鋁(lv)-鋅(xin)-銦-硅-系陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)。在(zai)海(hai)底管道上應用(yong)(yong)鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)比鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)可靠，其(qi)中也考慮到配(pei)重的因素。
　　犧(xi)牲陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在形(xing)(xing)狀的(de)選擇上是按照(zhao)什么條件(jian)來確定(ding)的(de)呢(ni)？設計時對(dui)犧(xi)牲陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)(xing)狀的(de)選擇應(ying)依據被(bei)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)結構(gou)(gou)物和環境(jing)(jing)介質條件(jian)來確定(ding)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)形(xing)(xing)狀有(you)哪(na)些？土(tu)壤(rang)環境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棒(bang)狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，截面有(you)梯形(xing)(xing)和D形(xing)(xing)。根(gen)據陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)接地(di)電阻(zu)的(de)計算公式(shi)可知(zhi)，陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)長度(du)是決定(ding)接地(di)電阻(zu)的(de)主要因素之一，陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)效直徑(jing)（含填包料）和土(tu)壤(rang)電阻(zu)率都是重要影(ying)響因素，由(you)此決定(ding)了陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)輸出(chu)功率；而陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)截面積大小則決定(ding)了陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)壽命(ming)。帶狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起到(dao)哪(na)些保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)呢(ni)？帶狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)電阻(zu)率土(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)，有(you)時也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)一些特定(ding)場(chang)合，如臨(lin)時性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，套管內(nei)的(de)管道保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，防(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)高(gao)壓(ya)干擾用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)均壓(ya)接地(di)墊(dian)等(deng)。在海(hai)水(shui)環境(jing)(jing)中(zhong)哪(na)個常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塊(kuai)狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，而鐲形(xing)(xing)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)只適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)水(shui)下或(huo)海(hai)底管線(xian)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)塊(kuai)狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)哪(na)些領域(yu)？塊(kuai)狀陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)船殼(ke)、水(shui)下結構(gou)(gou)物、容器(qi)內(nei)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)等(deng)。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)大型水(shui)下結構(gou)(gou)物則可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)半球形(xing)(xing)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。

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